Peer Reviewed
Feature Article Oncology

Investigating a woman with a breast lump

Cindy Mak
Abstract
Many breast lumps will be benign, but the possibility of breast cancer necessitates taking a careful history, performing a thorough examination, organising appropriate investigations and, if necessary, prompt referral of the patient to a breast specialist.
Key Points
  • History should include an assessment of the patient’s risk factors for breast cancer, which may raise the index of suspicion for the GP, radiologist and/or breast specialist.
  • Breast examinations can be embarrassing and awkward, so the patient should be given clear instructions and some privacy.
  • As much information as possible should be provided on imaging request forms.
  • If a distinct lump is present, ultrasound is the investigation of choice – in addition to mammography for older women or as an alternative to mammography for younger women.
  • Core biopsy provides more information than fine-needle aspiration cytology for solid lesions but may not be suitable for all lesions or all patients.
  • When in doubt, the patient should be referred to a breast specialist.
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