Peer Reviewed
Feature Article Paediatrics
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Vision problems in children

Caroline Catt, Frank Martin
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Abstract
Vision problems in a child may represent a life- or vision-threatening intraocular or intracranial problem. Vision problems may be reversible if diagnosed and treated early.
Key Points
  • Most vision problems can be identified by taking a history and performing a clinical examination, including measuring the visual acuity. The age and capacity of the child will dictate which vision test to use.
  • Any difference in vision of more than one line between the eyes is abnormal.
  • Any strabismus (squint) after the age of four months is abnormal.
  • Any nystagmus, pupil abnormality or asymmetry of the red reflex is abnormal.
  • It is important to be aware that strabismus may represent intraocular or intracranial disease.
  • Many vision problems in children are reversible if identified and treated early.
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